The human body consists of trillions of cells, and there are several types of cells such as skin cells, heart, liver, and muscle cells, and these cells divide and grow when needed in order to maintain a healthy and healthy body. Better to know which cancer is the leading cause of death
Cancer is the abnormal growth of cells in the body due to a defect in them, which can occur in any part of the body as a result of a defect in the normal cellular systems that control cell division and reproduction, which leads to the failure of old cells to die and continue to grow And the formation of abnormal cells, which results in the formation of masses of tissue known as tumors and the emergence of symptoms of cancer.
When cancer is formed, the body cannot control the growth of tumor cells, so they grow without stopping, and at a later stage spread to other parts of the body, and these in turn grow and damage the tissues and organs around them.
Cancer is not limited to humans, as it is a disease that can infect animals and other living organisms.
The mechanism of development of cancer
Most cells in the body have a specific life span depending on their type, ending in a vital process in the body known as apoptosis, a vital process in which the body gets rid of unnecessary cells, allowing the body to replace old cells with new cells that perform their functions better.
Cancer cells lack components or mechanisms that respond to vital signals that make them stop growing and lead to their death, as a result of changes or abnormalities in genes or DNA.
This leads to the accumulation of these cancer cells and their use of oxygen and nutrients for other cells, which may result in the growth of tumors, the occurrence of problems in the immune system, and the development of many health problems that prevent the body from performing its functions normally.
Not all types of cancer lead to the formation of tumors, as some types of cancer, such as leukemia, do not cause tumors to develop, and not all tumors that form in the body are considered cancerous tumors, as benign tumors are non-cancerous tumors. It is cancerous and does not spread to nearby tissues. Most of the time, a lump does not reappear after it is removed.
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While malignant tumors may spread to other parts of the body through the dissociation of some cells from the site of the tumor to distant parts of the body through the circulatory system or the lymphatic system, and they form serious tumors in other areas of the body, which is known as the spread of cancer (In English: Metastasis), therefore, they are considered cancerous tumors, and the cancer in this case is considered to be in the advanced stages, which increases its risk and difficulty in treating it.
Cancer cells have the ability to evade the immune system, which is responsible for removing harmful and damaged cells and foreign bodies from the body. Cancer cells can “hide” from the immune system and continue to multiply despite its presence. But not all types of cancer is the leading cause of death.
What type of cancer is the leading cause of death
There are more than 200 types of cancer that it is difficult to list all of them here, but they can be divided into main groups that include the following:
Carcinoma, which is cancer that develops in the superficial cell layer of the organs or tissues that cover the internal organs of the body, and are often solid tumors, and it is the most common type of cancer (80-90% of cancer cases), and it includes skin cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and others.
Sarcoma is cancer that develops in the bones, cartilage, joints, tendons, fat, muscle, nerves, blood vessels, lymph vessels, or other connective tissues.
Leukemia, or leukemia, is a cancer that develops in the tissues that make blood, such as the bone marrow, and leads to the production of large amounts of abnormal blood cells. The main types include acute lymphocytic leukemia. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia, among others.
Lymphomas, a cancer that develops in cells of the immune system, which mainly includes Hodgkin’s lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, as well as other types
Central nervous system cancer, which is cancer that develops in the brain and spinal cord, such as glioma, pituitary adenoma, and others.
Myeloma, a cancer that develops in the plasma cells that are produced in the bone marrow, and this type includes multiple myeloma.
Melanoma, a cancer that develops in the melanocytes that produce the pigment melanin, which results in the formation of cancer in the skin and some tissues where the pigment is melanin, such as the eye.
Germ cell tumors, which are tumors that develop in the cells that make up sperm in males and called testicular cancer, or in the eggs of females, and can appear anywhere in the body.